Articles

Tribes of Pakhtunkhwa and environs

1- Yousafzai

2- Tarkalanri

3- Ustarani

4- Mullagori

5- Shalmani

6- Marwat

7- Niazi

8- Orakzai

9- Ormur

11- Gigyani

12- Sherani

13- Tani

14- Turi

15- Wardak

16- Zaimusht

17- Zazai (or Jaji)

19- Chamkani

20- Tanoli

21- Swati

22- Dawar

23- Khajjak

24- Afridi

25- Wanechi Spin Tarins

26- Jafars

27- Mando Khel

28- Babi

29- Sherani

30- Achakzai

31- Barech

33- Kasi

34- Kakar

35- Dilazak

36- Dotani

37- Tarin

38- Utman Khel

39- Sarwani

40- Tirahi Dards

41- Farmuli

42- Gadoon or Jadoon

Military history of Pakhtunkhwa

1- When Hari Singh Nalwa suffered a humiliating defeat at the hands of Mashwanis and Saidkhanis

2- The revolt of Shaikh Kamaluddin Daudzai and Khan Jahan Lodi against the Mughals

3- When Orakzais defeated the Mughal army in Tirah ( The battle of Sampagha pass , 1619 AD)

4- When Pashtun tribesmen wiped out an entire Mughal army in the Khyber Pass (1672)

5- When 6,000-strong Baloch army of Nasir Khan of Kalat was completely wiped out by Kakars

6- The wars between Panni Afghans and Mughals (1576–1617)

7- Karrapa disaster : Aimal Khan defeats Mughals [1674]

8- Pashtun–Mughal War (1672–1677)

9- Afghan–Sikh Wars (1813–1837)

10-  The battle of Saragarhi – The cover-up of a failure marketed as a brave sacrifice

11- A band of Yousafzais made an attempt to conquer Chitral in 1593

12- Niazi uprising against the Sikhs  (1829-1830)

13- Jihad of Haji Sahib of Turangzai and the Mohmand blockade during the First World War

14- British abandoned their traditional red coats and adopted Khaki uniform for their soldiers because of the dusty hills of Pakhtunkhwa

15- The conquest of Baluchistan by Shah Hussain Hotak

16- Account of the Kashmir War of 1947-48 by a Pashtun tribesman from Barawal in Dir who participated in it

18- Historical reliability and authenticity of the details concerning the Battle of Saragarhi (1897)

Pashtun notables

1- Mullah Powindah

2- Mir Mast Afridi

3- Mir Dast Afridi

4- Nur Gul of Panjpao

5- Haji Khan Kakar

6- Multan Khan Afridi

7- Ajab Khan Afridi

8- Sher Ali Afridi

9- Malik Samad Khan Malikdin Khel Afridi

10- Fateh Khan Khattak

11- The only authentic photos of Faqir of Ipi

12- Muhammad Akbar Khan of Hoti

13- Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum Khan

14- Ghazi Dilasa Khan of Bannu

15- Malik Jiwan Panni

16- Pir Roshan

17- Bibi Mubaraka Yousafzai

18- Gaju Khan Yousafzai

19- Malik Mehr Dil Mahsud (the Pashtun who rebuffed Jawaharlal Nehru and tried to slap him)

20- Umra Khan Jandul

21- Darya Khan Daudzai

22- Abdullah Khan Alkozai (a Pashtun governor of Kashmir)

23- Khushal Khan Khattak II ; a contemporary of Ahmad Shah Abdali

24- Shahzada Sultan Jan Saddozai

25- Kalu Khan Yousafzai

26- Rahman Baba (Abdur Rahman Mohmand)

27- Khwaja Hasan Afghan  (1206–1290 A.D) 

28- Shaikh Michan Niazi

29- Haro Ana

30- Arzani Kheshgi

31- Musa Darwesh

32- Shaikh Qasim Sulaimani

33- Khwaja Khizr Sarwani

34- Shaikh Isa Mashwani

35- Shaikh Jamaluddin Kasi

36- Rashid Khan Ansari

Ahmad Shah Durrani

1- Ahmad Shah Abdali's embassy to Beijing, China (1762)

2- Ahmad Shah Abdali has praised the bravery of Maratha soldiers at the battlefield of Panipat (1761) in a letter written to Raja Madho Singh 

3- Ahmad Shah Abdali hiding his face behind a bejeweled mask in 1761 : response to William Dalrymple

4- The rise and fall of the Abdali state of Herat in early 18th century

5- Debunking a malevolent statement of Jadunath Sarkar about Ahmad Shah Durrani 

6- Elite ghulam corps of Ahmad Shah Abdali

7- Correspondence between Zaman Shah Durrani and Tipu Sultan

8- Pir Sabir Shah (the spiritual pir of Ahmad Shah Durrani)

9- The so called "Sikh Holocaust of 1762" (Vadda Ghalughara), was actually a battle between two armies (Afghans and Sikhs)

10- Waris Shah has never referred to Ahmad Shah Durrani as 'Kabuli dog' in his poetry

11- The real particulars of the treaty between Nasir Khan (ruler of Kalat) and Ahmad Shah Durrani in 1758

12- The flag of Ahmad Shah Durrani

Sher Shah Sur

1- Ancestral village of Sher Shah Sur in Roh (Pakhtunkhwa)

2- Praise of Sher Shah Suri by the author of Padmavat (1540 AD)

3- Cannons of Sher Shah Sur

4- Roads and Sarais (inns) of Sher Shah Sur

5- Welfare activities of Sher Shah Sur 

6- Justice of Sher Shah Sur 

10- Currency reforms of Sher Shah Sur

11- The army of Sher Shah Suri

12- Mirza Aziz Koka (foster-brother of Mughal emperor Akbar) acknowledged the achievements of Sher Shah Sur

13-  Gaju Khan (ګجو خان) at one point served under the banners of Sher Shah Sur In India

14- A late 16th century painting illustrating Sher Khan Sur's capture of Rohtasgarh fort through stratagem

15- Interesting historical titbits about Sher Shah Sur

16- Sher Shah Sur also built a serai (an inn) in Makkah

Sites and Places 

1- Shaikh Badin hills (Lakki Marwat-Dera Ismail Khan)

2- Nimla garden [Khogiani district, Nangarhar]

3- The Bridge over the Surkhab River [Nangarhar province]

4- History of Nowshera

5- The Sulaiman Mountains (کوہ سلیمان) and Pashtuns

6- History of the Bala Hissar of Peshawar

8- Ghazni

10- Bannu

11-Tank or Tak

12- Jalalabad

13- Islamia College [Peshawar]

14  History of Quetta or Kwatta’h

15- History of Shabqadar fort and town

16- The district and town of Nowshera in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is named after a 16th century Mughal fort

19- Ancestral village of Bahlul Lodi in Pakhtunkhwa

20- Qalat-i-Ghilzai

21- Kurram valley

22- Khojak tunnel

23- Bahadur Khel salt mine

24- Kurram fort

25- Girishk fort, Helmand 

26- Old Kandahar

27- Tomb of Panju Khan Khajjak

28- Pre-Ghal (Waziristan)

29- Correcting Bharadwaj (aka True Indology) on the "temple gate" of Kandahar city

30- A zoo in Peshawar in early 20th century

31- Bagh-i-Sardeh, Kandahar

33-  History of Jamrud fort

36- The mosque and tomb of Ghulam Hussain Hazratji Baba, Kandahar

39- History of Killa Abdullah district of Balochistan

40- Tomb of Abdul Rashid known as Bajauri Baba in Peshawar

41- Khirqa Sharif, Kandahar 

42- The renaming of the 'Hindu Kush' mountains to 'Hindu-Koh' by Mughal Emperor Akbar

History of Indo-Afghans

1- Atia mosque of Bangladesh

2- Islam Shah Sur, the forerunner of Akbar in reforms and policies

3- Excerpts from Afsana-i-Shahan

5- Sultan Nasir-ud-din Ismail Shah (Malik Makh Afghan)

6- Nawab Zahid Khan Saddozai

7- Amir Khan of Tonk

8- Barmazid Kur

9- Ghulam Qadir Rohilla

10- Diler Khan Daudzai

11- Multani Afghans

13- Malot fort in India, a 15th century fort built by a Pashtun

14- Hatimpur fort (a 17th century fort built by a Niazi Pashtun)

16- Kusumba mosque (Bangladesh)

17- The Nuhani dynasty of Bihar

18- Pashtun soldiery and nobility of the Mughal empire

19- The role of Panni Pashtuns in Indian history

20- The Miyana (Afghan) nobles of Bijapur sultanate

21- Safdar Khan Babi

22- Rohillas, the Indo-Afghans

23- Jalal Khan Orakzai: a punishing sword against Banda Singh Bahadur

24- Arakan (Burma) under Afghan rule

25- Dattu Sarwani,  a Pashtun soldier of early 16th century

26- Abundance and low prices during the reign of Sultan Ibrahim Lodi

27- Princess Subhan, daughter of Sultan Bahlol Lodi

28- Daud Khan Rohilla

30- The longest lasting Afghan dynasty in history : Lohanis of Jalore and Palanpur

31- Alam Khan Lodi (Sultan Alauddin Alam Shah)

32- The brave death of Sultan Ibrahim Lodi

33- Hemu did not declare himself an independent king

34- Baloch proteges of Najib Khan Yousafzai

36- The twelve forts of Kasur

37- Daud Shah Karrani as depicted in the Mughal paintings

38- Ghulam Qadir Rohilla did not force the Mughal princesses to dance for him ;  Allama Iqbal made a blunder in his poem.

39- Pashtun traders in Sri Lanka

40- Nawabs of Malerkotla

41- Karrani Sultans of Bengal belonged to which part of Pakhtunkhwa/Afghanistan?

42- Origin of the Langah sultans of Multan; they were Afghan (Pashtun) or Sindhi?

43- Tafazzul Husain Khan, the Nawab of Farrukhabad

44- South or Humayun gate of Purana Qila, Delhi

45- Baoli in Bayana (Rajasthan, India), built by Khan-i-Khanan Farmuli (Pashtun)

Anglo-Afghan Wars

1-  A Pashtun heroine of the First Anglo-Afghan War (1842)

2- Mohammad Akbar Khan's letter to the ruler of Bhawalpur

3- Return of a King - A critique of Dalrymple's book

4- The role of Hazaras during the First Anglo-Afghan War (1839-42)

5- Hazaras collaborated with British invaders during the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878-80)

6- Maiwand and Malalai - Afghanistan's lady liberty destroy the British army on 27 July 1880

7- Captain Robert Warburton married Shah Jahan Begum [allegedly a Durrani princess] through deception and force

8- Battle of Maiwand

9- Shia Qizilbashs of Kabul corroborated with British invaders during First Anglo-Afghan war (1839-1842)

10- The Afghan painting which infuriated General Roberts in Afghanistan

Miscellaneous

1- Bollywood Khans - Are they related to Pashtuns?

2- Shah Tahmasp's advice to Humayun on Pashtuns

3- The Jahahgiri Sultans of Swat were Dardic people, not Tajiks

4- Pata Khazana, a forgery

6- 'A boy across the river' -a verse falsely attributed to Khushal Khan Khattak

7- Afghanistan is not 'Graveyard of Empires'

8- Some of the disciples of Guru Nanak were Pashtuns ?

9- A thirteenth-century description of Pashtuns

10- Desecration of Pir Roshan's grave and dead body

11- Nadir Shah Afshar had hard time ruling the present-day Afghanistan

12- Guru Nanak was storekeeper of the Daulat Khan Lodi's grain before 1526

13- Description of Pashtuns by Niccolao Manucci (1638–1717)

14- Pashtuns were once principal inhabitants of Mastung (Balochistan)

15- Mir Chakar Rind : separating fiction from history

16- Nadir Shah Afshar had hard time ruling the present-day Afghanistan

17- Paolo Avitabile – The face of the brutal Sikh occupation of Peshawar

18- Nawabs of Dir

19- Pashtunistan and the Faqir of Ipi

20- Pashtun tribesmen of Kashmir War of 1948

21- Pashtun-Ottoman War (1725-1727)

22- Khalji Sultans of Delhi 

23- Pashtun Soldiers who refused to fight against Ottomans during World War I

24- Excerpts from Afsana-i-Shahan

25- Roh (a medieval name of Pakhtunkhwa)

26- Mujahideen movement of Syed Ahmed Bareilwi

27- Dr. Sayed Wiqar Ali Shah Kakakhel thinks that there are no Afghans (Pashtuns) settled on the Sulieman mountains range

28- Response to Salman Rashid, a travel writer and a pseudo-historian

29- "Awghan" ( (اوغان)) is not a derogatory distortion of the word Afghan

30- Pashtuns in the armies of Sultan Shahabuddin Ghori and Prithviraj

31- Sikhs owed their rise in 18th century to Adina Beg Arain (a Punjabi Muslim) 

32- The Khans of Lalpura (Morcha Khel Mohmands)

33- An inscription in Maharashtra state of India dated to 1626 AD mentions the toponym Afghanistan

34- The British practice of burning the dead bodies of Pashtun Ghazis 

35- Ajab Khan Afridi – excerpt from "And Then the Pathan Murders"

36- Mollie Ellis, Ajab Khan Afridi and her Pashtun rescuers

37- The travel of Ottoman admiral through Pakhtunkhwa in 16th century

38- Yousafzais of Ghoriwala in Bannu

39- Anti-Pashtun Riots by Hindus in Bombay, 1929

40- Nehru's Disastrous Tour of Waziristan and Other Tribal Areas in 1946

41-  Ranjit Singh did not rule Khyber Pass and Afghanistan

42- "Chup sha, Hari Singh raghlay"

Pashtun culture and practices

1- Pashtun tribal flags

2- Tattoo markings amongst Ghilzais

3- A Pashtun custom of old

4- Shalwar Kameez is not a traditional Punjabi/Sikh dress

5- Yousaf Khan and Sher Bano (a Pashtun folktale)

6- Pashtuns used straight and heavy swords in early 13th century

7- A twelfth-century description of Pashtuns

8- Khattak dance

9- Khattak horsemen

10- Sikhs adopted blue coloured dress towards the end of 17th century in the memory and honour of a group of Pashtuns

11- Pir Roshan was very fond of Music

12- Pashtuns were worshipping a giant tree in the mid 12th century ?

13- Pashtun intermediaries dominated the horse trade between Central Asia and India

14- Pashtun dresses in the early 19th century. Paintings by Imam Bakhsh Lahori

15- Pashtun flags bearing the insignia of blood-red hand 

16- Dress and appearance of 16th-century Pashtuns during the reign of Sher Shah Suri